Malaria is a life-threatening disease spread to humans by some types of mosquitoes. Malaria mostly spreads to people through the bites of some infected female Anopheles mosquitoes, Symptoms usually start within 10–15 days of getting bitten by an infected mosquito. Infants, children under 5 years, pregnant women, travelers and people with HIV or AIDS are at higher risk.
Severe symptoms include:
extreme tiredness and fatigue
impaired consciousness
multiple convulsions
difficulty breathing
dark or bloody urine
jaundice (yellowing of the eyes and skin)
abnormal bleeding
Lower the risk of getting malaria by avoiding mosquito bites:
Use mosquito nets when sleeping in places where malaria is present
Use mosquito repellents (containing DEET, IR3535 or Icaridin) after dusk
Use coils and vaporizers.
Wear protective clothing.
Use window screens
Diagnosis is done to cure the disease factors like age weight and parasite which caused the disease should be noted while diagnosing
Artemisinin
Artemisinin-based combination therapy medicines like artemether-lumefantrine are usually the most effective medicines
Chloroquine and primaquine is effective against p.vivax( slant text)
They are mostly in pill forms
Early diagnosis and treatment of malaria reduces disease, prevents deaths and contributes to reducing transmission. Over the 2 peak years of the pandemic (2020–2021), COVID-related disruptions led to about 13 million more malaria cases and 63 000 more malaria deaths In 2021 the Region was home to about 95% of all malaria cases and 96% of deaths. Children under 5 years of age accounted for about 80% of all malaria deaths in the Region.
In 2021, 35 countries reported fewer than 1000 indigenous cases of the disease, up from 33 countries in 2020 and just 13 countries in 2000. Countries that have achieved at least 3 consecutive years of zero indigenous cases of malaria are eligible to apply for the WHO certification of malaria elimination.
Certified by the WHO Director-General as malaria-free, including
Maldives (2015),
Sri Lanka (2016),
Kyrgyzstan (2016),
Paraguay (2018),
Uzbekistan (2018),
Argentina (2019),
Algeria (2019),
China (2021) and
El Salvador (2021)
Dengue viruses are spread to people through the bite of an infected Aedes species. Being a threat to almost half of the population of the world, that is almost half of the population in the world is at risk or prone to get dengue fever. It is a mosquito-borne viral disease occurring in tropical and subtropical areas. Being affected by dengue fever for the first time is risky enough but getting affected for the second time, are at a significantly greater risk of developing severe disease.
There is totally three stages of Dengue fever:
febrile,
critical and
convalescent.
Symptoms includes:
Nausea, vomiting.
Rash.
Aches and pains (eye pain, typically behind the eyes, muscle, joint, or bone pain)
Any warning sign.
In severe cases there is serious bleeding and shock,
For infants the symptoms includes,
Fever or a low temperature (less than 36°C or 96.8°F) with any of the following:
Sleepiness, lack of energy, or irritability.
Rash.
Unusual bleeding (gums, nose, bruising)
Vomiting (at least 3 times in 24 hours)
WHAT IF A PERSON GETS DENGUE?
Mild dengue fever causes a high fever and flu-like symptoms. The severe form of dengue fever, also called dengue hemorrhagic fever, can cause serious bleeding, a sudden drop in blood pressure (shock) and death.
Proper treatment and care is required for this.
WHAT IS THE TREATMENT FOR DENGUE FEVER?
Well, there is no specific treatment for dengue. The focus is on treating pain symptoms. Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is often used to control pain. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like ibuprofen and aspirin are avoided as they can increase the risk of bleeding.
Diagnosis:
If an infection is suspected, you will get a blood test to check for the dengue virus. During a blood test, a health care professional will take a blood sample from a vein in your arm, using a small needle. After the needle is inserted, a small amount of blood will be collected into a test tube or vial.
Low platelets caused by dengue impair the ability of the blood to clot and make it unable to combat infections. A normal human being has a platelet count between 1.5 lakhs and 4 lakhs. On the contrary, individuals with dengue fever can experience a drastic fall in platelet count to around twenty to forty thousand. Dengue for sure reduces blood platelets level, NOW HOW TO INCREASE THEM BACK? Well there are dietary ways to increase blood platelet levels, By consuming large amounts of foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids boosts the immune system as well as blood platelet levels.
Foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids include:
flaxseeds,
walnuts,
fish and
spinach
Most cases of dengue fever are mild and go away on their own after about a week. Dengue fever rarely strikes in the continental United States, though small outbreaks have happened in Texas, Florida, and Hawaii.
Dengue fever symptoms start to appear four to 10 days after a mosquito bite and can last three to seven days Statistics show that in India the Dengue fever is very rare that is it is Fewer than 100 thousand cases per year.
